Linq WHERE EF.Functions.Like - Why direct properties work and reflection does not?

In EF the lambdas are ExpressionTrees and the expressions are translated to T-SQL so that the query can be executed in the database.

You can create an extension method like so:

public static IQueryable<T> Search<T>(this IQueryable<T> source, string propertyName, string searchTerm)
{
    if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(propertyName) || string.IsNullOrEmpty(searchTerm))
    {
        return source;
    }

    var property = typeof(T).GetProperty(propertyName);

    if (property is null)
    {
        return source;
    }

    searchTerm = "%" + searchTerm + "%";
    var itemParameter = Parameter(typeof(T), "item");

    var functions = Property(null, typeof(EF).GetProperty(nameof(EF.Functions)));
    var like = typeof(DbFunctionsExtensions).GetMethod(nameof(DbFunctionsExtensions.Like), new Type[] { functions.Type, typeof(string), typeof(string) });

    Expression expressionProperty = Property(itemParameter, property.Name);

    if (property.PropertyType != typeof(string))
    {
        expressionProperty = Call(expressionProperty, typeof(object).GetMethod(nameof(object.ToString), new Type[0]));
    }

    var selector = Call(
               null,
               like,
               functions,
               expressionProperty,
               Constant(searchTerm));

    return source.Where(Lambda<Func<T, bool>>(selector, itemParameter));
}

And use it like so:

var query = _context.Set<Customer>().Search("FirstName", "Test").ToList();
var query2 = _context.Set<Customer>().Search("Age", "2").ToList();

For reference this was the Customer I used:

public class Customer
{
    [Key]
    public Guid Id { get; set; }
    public string FirstName { get; set; }
    public int Age { get; set; }
}